מַעֲרִיב עֲרָבִים | Ma’ariv Aravim, translated from Rabbi David Einhorn’s Olat Tamid (1858) by Joshua Giorgio-Rubin (2020)

Contributor(s):

Aharon N. Varady (editing/transcription), Joshua Giorgio-Rubin and David Einhorn

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6 August 2022 under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA) 4.0 International copyleft license

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Maariv Aravim

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19th century C.E., 57th century A.M., German translation, blessings prior to the shema, מעריב ערבים ma'ariv aravim

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Source (Hebrew)	Adaptation (German)	Translation of German (English)
בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יהוה אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, אֲשֶׁר בִּדְבָרוֹ מַעֲרִיב עֲרָבִים,	Gelobt seist Du, Ewiger, unser Gott, König der Welt, dessen Wort das dämmernde Zwielicht hervorruft,	Be praised, O Eternal our God, Ruler of the world: Your word calls forth the evening twilight;
בְּחָכְמָה פּוֹתֵחַ שְׁעָרִים, וּבִתְבוּנָה מְשַׁנֶּה עִתִּים וּמַחֲלִיף אֶת הַזְּמַנִּים, וּמְסַדֵּר אֶת הַכּוֹכָבִים בְּמִשְׁמְרוֹתֵיהֶם בָּרָקִיעַ כִּרְצוֹנוֹ.	dessen Weisheit die Himmelspforten öffnet, die Zeiten ändert, Tag und Nacht wechseln heißt und den Kreislauf der Sterne ordnet im unermeßlichen Himmelsraume.	Your wisdom opens the gates of heaven. At Your command, the seasons change, and the years turn;^[1] following after the translation of Emil Hirsch which hews closer to the liturgical Hebrew. Einhorn’s German would be, “day and night change.” You fix the courses of the stars through the immensities of celestial space.
בּוֹרֵא יוֹם וָלָיְלָה, גּוֹלֵל אוֹר מִפְּנֵי חֹשֶׁךְ וְחֹשֶׁךְ מִפְּנֵי אוֹר, וּמַעֲבִיר יוֹם וּמֵבִיא לָיְלָה, וּמַבְדִּיל בֵּין יוֹם וּבֵין לָיְלָה, יהוה צְבָאוֹת שְׁמוֹ.	Du bist Schöpfer des Tages und der Nacht und auf Dein Geheiß entrollen fich die Schwingen des Lichts und die Schatten der Finsterniß nach einer unüberschreitbaren Grenze.	The day is Yours, and the night proclaims You. Your will unfolds the wings of light and the shadows of darkness. You have set bounds unto them they cannot pass over.
אֵל חַי וְקַיָּם תָּמִיד יִמְלוֹךְ עָלֵינוּ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד.	Du bist der Herr der Heere, der Ewiglebendige, unser König immerdar.	You are the Eternal God of Hosts, the Ever-Living, our Ruler forever.
בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יהוה, הַמַּעֲרִיב עֲרָבִים׃	Sei gepriesen, Ewiger, dessen Weisheit auch in der Dämmerung leuchtet.	Be praised, O God: In Your light we behold light, and in Your presence the night shines as the day.^[2] following after Emil Hirsch’s 1896 translation here. Einhorn’s German more closely translates to, “whose wisdom shines even in the twilight.” Amen.

This is a the first blessing of the evening before the Shema, “Maariv Aravim” as adapted by Rabbi David Einhorn in his עלת תמיד Gebetbuch für Israelitische Reform-Gemeinden (1858), p. 419. The English translation here, by Joshua Giorgio-Rubin, translating Rabbi David Einhorn, is as found in Rubin’s Olat Hadashah: A Modern Adaptation of David Einhorn’s Olat Tamid for Shabbat Evening (2020), p. 3.

Source(s)

Notes[+]

Notes
1	following after the translation of Emil Hirsch which hews closer to the liturgical Hebrew. Einhorn’s German would be, “day and night change.”
2	following after Emil Hirsch’s 1896 translation here. Einhorn’s German more closely translates to, “whose wisdom shines even in the twilight.”

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“מַעֲרִיב עֲרָבִים | Ma’ariv Aravim, translated from Rabbi David Einhorn’s Olat Tamid (1858) by Joshua Giorgio-Rubin (2020)” is shared through the Open Siddur Project with a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International copyleft license.

Aharon N. Varady (editing/transcription)

Aharon Varady (M.A.J.Ed./JTSA Davidson) is a volunteer transcriber for the Open Siddur Project. If you find any mistakes in his transcriptions, please let him know. Shgiyot mi yavin; Ministarot naqeni שְׁגִיאוֹת מִי־יָבִין; מִנִּסְתָּרוֹת נַקֵּנִי "Who can know all one's flaws? From hidden errors, correct me" (Psalms 19:13). If you'd like to directly support his work, please consider donating via his Patreon account. (Varady also translates prayers and contributes his own original work besides serving as the primary shammes of the Open Siddur Project and its website, opensiddur.org.)

Joshua Giorgio-Rubin

Joshua Giorgio-Rubin is a Senior Lecturer of English at Indiana University South Bend, and he spent ten years as the spiritual leader of the Jewish community at Culver Academies in Culver, Indiana. He is the high holidays ḥazzan at Temple Israel in Valparaiso, Indiana, and a student of all things Jewish. He lives in South Bend, Indiana, with his husband, son, and small menagerie.

David Einhorn

David Einhorn (November 10, 1809 – November 2, 1879) was a German-Jewish rabbi and leader of Reform Judaism in the United States. Einhorn was chosen in 1855 as the first rabbi of the Har Sinai Congregation in Baltimore, the oldest congregation in the United States that has been affiliated with the Reform movement since its inception. While there, he compiled a siddur in German and Hebrew, one of the early Reform Jewish prayerbooks in the United States. (The siddur, later translated to English, became one of the progenitors of the Reform Movement's Union Prayer Book.) In 1861, Einhorn's life was threatened by a mob angered by his strong abolitionist anti-slavery views, and was forced to flee to Philadelphia. There he became rabbi of Reform Congregation Keneseth Israel. He moved to New York City in 1866, where he became rabbi of Congregation Adath Israel. (from his wikipedia article)

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מַה־טֹּבֽוּ | Mah Tovu, translated from Rabbi David Einhorn’s Olat Tamid (1858) by Joshua Giorgio-Rubin (2020)

מַעֲרִיב עֲרָבִים | Maariv Aravim, translated by Rabbi Zalman Schachter-Shalomi, z”l

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ויהי נעם אדני אלהינו עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננה עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננהו "May the pleasantness of אדֹני our elo’ah be upon us; may our handiwork be established for us — our handiwork, may it be established." –Psalms 90:17